Abubakar, Amina

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Amod, Farida

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Appiah, Kuku

Dr. Kuku Appiah is a graduate of the University of Zimbabwe Medical School and has worked in hospitals in Harare, Durban and Johannesburg. She obtained her fellowship in Internal Medicine in 1997. Dr. Appiah worked in private practice in Krugersdorp for four years with a significant proportion of the patient base being HIV infected. She joined the Clinical HIV Research Unit as an investigator in 2002 and has worked principally with AACTG activities. In October 2003, she gave a presentation at a conference by Johns Hopkins University on Socio-political aspects of conducting HIV Treatment Research in Resource Poor Countries. Currently, Dr. Appiah is Executive Director and Head of the Clinical Care Unit of Right To Care, a non-profit organization involved in up scaling of ARV provision in South Africa and a recipient of PEPFAR funding.

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Birbeck, Gretchen

Dr. Gretchen L. Birbeck, MD MPH is a neuroepidemiologist who has been working in Zambia since 1994. She completed her residency in Neurology at Johns Hopkins Hospital and a fellowship in Health Services Research at UCLA. She spends 6 months annually at Chikankata Hospital in the Southern Province of rural Zambia where she serves as Director of the Chikankata Epilepsy Care Team. Her Zambia-based research includes the Chikankata Epilepsy and Febrile Seizure Study (ChEAFS), a study of Epilepsy-Associated Stigma in Zambia (EASZ), and a hospice-based period prevalence study of HIV-dementia at Kalingalinga Hospice. She is an Assistant Professor at Michigan State University (MSU) in the Departments of Neurology & Epidemiology. She serves as Core Faculty for MSU’s African Studies Center. She also works with the World Federation of Neurology on the Committee for Medical Education as chairperson for the sub-Committee on Medical Education in Developing Countries. A selection of her publications is listed below.

GL Birbeck. Childhood malaria as a risk factor for epilepsy in the tropics. In: Sinha KK and Chandra P (editors). Advances in Clinical Neurosciences. Catholic Press, Jharkhand, India. 2003:155-173.

M Fisher-Williams & GL Dike. Effects of space occupying Lesions and CNS oncological complications. In: Neidermeyer and da Silva eds. Electroencephalography: basic principles, clinical applications and related fields.4th ed. 1998:285-301.

GL Birbeck. Cerebral Malaria. Current Treatment Options in Neurology 2004;Vol 6 Issue 2.

GL Birbeck & EMN Kalichi. Epilepsy prevalence in rural Zambia: A door-to-door survey. Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene  2004;9(1):92-95.

GL Birbeck.  Famine-associated AED toxicity in rural Zambia.  Epilepsia 2003;44(8):1127.

GL Birbeck, EMN Kalichi. The functional status of people with epilepsy in rural sub-Saharan Africa.  Journal of the Neurological Sciences 2003: 209(1-2): 65-68.

GL Birbeck, Q Chen, R De Vogli, C Malama. User fees impact access to health care for female children in rural Zambia. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 2002;48:371-372.

GL Birbeck, T Munsat. Neurological Services in Sub-Saharan Africa: A case study among Zambian primary healthcare workers. Journal of Neurological Sciences 2002;200(1-2): 75-78.

GL Birbeck. Neurologic disease in a rural Zambian hospital. Tropical Doctor 2000;31:82-85.

GL Birbeck. Seizures in rural Zambia. Epilepsia  2000;41(3):277-281.

GL Birbeck. Barriers to care for patients with neurologic disease in rural Zambia. Archives of Neurology 2000;57(3):414-417.

GL Birbeck. Severe malnutrition due to subtle neurologic deficits and epilepsy. East African Medical Journal 1999;76(10);597-598.

GL Dike. Traditional African medicines complicate the management of febrile seizures. European Neurology 1999;42(3):184.

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Boivin, Michael

A former Fulbright senior research scholar to Democratic Republic of Congo (formerly Zaire) in 1990-1991 and presently to Uganda and Kenya (2003-2004), Dr. Michael Boivin has conducted research and published studies pertaining to health factors influencing the neuropsychological and cognitive ability development of children in a variety of international settings. In organizing these studies, he has trained research assistants in the use of measures of attentional capacity, cognitive ability, motor development, and neuropsychological function in a variety of health psychology contexts in both the urban and rural settings.  More recently his work in health psychology has involved adults as well and include his students in the study of the effects of social support during treatment for breast cancer on spiritual well-being and quality-of-life considerations and the subsequent relationship of these on immunological response, the effects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on neuropsychological abilities and quality of life, and the effects of early cerebral malaria on neuropsychological development in young Ugandan children (Fulbright research award and NIH Fogarty R21 grant).  In addition to his doctorate in experimental analysis of behavior and postdoctoral work in brain imaging and neuropsychology, he has a Masters in Public Health (MPH) degree from the University of Michigan in Public Health Policy and Analysis.  Throughout his career, he has consistently endeavored to integrate his training and experiences in experimental analysis of behavior, pediatric neuropsychological assessment, cognitive ability testing in the cross-cultural context, brain/behavior neuroimaging research, and public health training. 

Recent publications include:

Boivin, M.J. (2002). The effects of early cerebral malaria on the cognitive ability of Senegalese children. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 23, 353-364.

Boivin, M. J. (Summer, 2002). The need for neuropsychological theory and practice within public health and community development intervention. INS NET : International Neuropsychological Society Liaison Committee Newsletter, 9, 4-5.

Conant, L.L., Fastenau, P.S., Giordani, B., Boivin, M.J., Opel, B., Nseyila, D.D. (1999).   Modality specificity of memory span tasks among Congolese children: A developmental perspective. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 21, 375-384.

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Broadhead, Robin

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Frarey, Laurie

I am a Family Nurse Practitioner and have worked for the ACTG since 1997.  During the last seven years I have coordinated numerous ACTG and Pharmaceutical studies.  Since 2001 I have also been part of a team that has provided HIV/AIDS care to a small, rural, resource poor clinic population in Lumberton, North Carolina. I have just become the site representative for A5208.  I am looking forward to contributing to the wonderful international work of the ACTG.

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Hall, Colin

Speaker, Neurologist

Professor, Vice Chair
Department of Neurology
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
3112 Bioinformatics, CB 7025
Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7025 USA
hallc@neurology.unc.edu
http://nerve.neurology.unc.edu/neurology/hall.htm

Dr Colin Hall is Professor & Vice Chair of Neurology at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine.  He graduated MBChB from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, in 1966, and has been at UNC since 1969.  He served for 6 years as Interim Chair of the Department of Neurology.  He has been working with NeuroAids since 1988.  He has conducted several longitudinal studies in HIV, including dementia and neuropathy. He has also been principal investigator for AIDS Clinical Trials treatment protocols for nervous system involvement in HIV infection and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.  He has served as Vice Chair and Chair of the ACTG Neurology committee, and is currently a member of the Leadership Group for both that Committee and the Neurological AIDS research consortium.  He is currently conducting studies on Nervous Syndrome effects of HAART, including immunology, genetic compartmentalization and CSF toxicity, and of Neuroimaging changes of HIV.

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Holding, Penny

My research career has focused upon the implications of adverse health in childhood on subsequent development. Of particular interest has been developing an understanding of the pattern of variability in outcome observed.  My investigations have previously concentrated upon severe malaria infections, a health risk that co-exists with multiple health and socio-environmental risks. The context has dictated the need to develop an appropriate methodology to measure and evaluate the risks. I have spent most of the last decade involved in adapting, developing and evaluating assessment techniques which can be applied to a rural African population at school age, a population for which no suitable methodology previously existed. We are now concentrating upon a protocol for evaluating growth and development in the early years. The future focus will be on developing theoretical and analytical models to explain the sources of variability in outcome observed.

Related References:

Describing the burden of malaria on child development: What should we be measuring and how should we be measuring it? Holding PA, Kitsao-Wekulo PK. (in press) American Journal Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Assessing cognitive outcomes in a rural African population: development of a neuropsychological battery in Kilifi, Kenya. Holding, P.A., Taylor, H.G., Kazungu, S.D., Mkala, T., Gona, J., Mwamuye, B., Mbonani, L., Stevenson, J. (2004) Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 10 246-260.

Sources of variability in sequelae of very low birth weight. Taylor, H.G., Burant, C.J., Holding, P.A., Klein, N., & Hack, M. (2002) Child Neuropsychology 8,3. 163-178.

Cognitive sequelae of severe malaria with impaired consciousness Holding, P., Stevenson, J., Peshu, N., Marsh, K.  (1999)  Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.93, 529-534.

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Hosseinipour, Mina

Dr. Hosseinipour received her training at Northwestern University, Baylor College of Medicine and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where she is currently a Research Assistant Professor of Medicine and the Medical Coordinator of the UNC project in Lilongwe Malawi.  Her research focuses on developing strategies to safely deliver HIV primary care and antiretroviral therapy in resource poor countries and evaluating the role of antiretroviral therapy in the  prevention of  HIV transmission.

In her work in Malawi, she is among the first clinicians to prescribe antiretroviral therapy in Malawi and has assembled a cohort to describe the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of the government antiretroviral program.  At the Lilongwe site, she is the principal investigator of HPTN 052 and ACTG 5175 which are NIH sponsored clinical trials to determine the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy in the prevention of HIV transmission and monitoring clinical outcomes. 

Selected publications include:

Hosseinipour MC, Neuhann FH, Kanyama CC, Namarika DN, Luftl S, Phiri SJP.  Antiretroviral therapy in Lilongwe Malawi: The first year experience.  Submitted for publication. March, 2004

Hosseinipour MC, Kazembe PN, Sanne IM, and CM van der Horst. Challenges in delivering antiretroviral treatment in resource poor countries. AIDS 2002 16 (suppl 4): S177-S187.

Hosseinipour MC, Donovan KD, Wohl DA, and Simpson RJ. Fish Oil in the treatment of HIV antiretroviral associated hyperlipidemia.  Submitted for publication December 2003.

Hosseinipour MC, Cohen MS, Vernazza PL, Kashuba A.  Can Antiretroviral Therapy be Used to Prevent the Sexual Transmission of HIV-1?”  CID, 34: 1391-5; 2002.

Hosseinipour MC, Smith N, Simpson EP, Greenberg SB, Armstrong R and White AC. Middle Cerebral Artery vasculitis and stroke following varicella in a young adult. Southern Medical Journal  91(11):1070-2, 1998.

Patel PS, Smith N, Hosseinipour MC, Musher D, Hamill, RJ. Cryptococcal meningitis presenting as a syndrome of normal pressure hydrocephalus:  Report of two cases and review. Infect Dis Clin Pract  1999;8:108-110.

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Jelsma, Jennifer

Dr. Jelsma received her Ph.D. from Catholic University in Leuven, Belgium in 2002 with a dissertation on the Determination of Burden of Disease in a High-density suburb of Harare.  She is currently registered for a Diploma in International Research Ethics from the University of Cape Town.  She served as Senior Lecturer and Chairperson of the Department of Rehabilitation at the University of Zimbabwe.  She currently works as Associate Professor in the University of Cape Town’s Division of Physiotherapy and is the Deputy Head of the Physiotherapy Division.  She is currently registered as a physiotherapist with the Zimbabwe Health Professions Council, the South African Medical, Dental and Allied Professions Council and the Association of Physiotherapists of British Columbia.  Her areas of expertise are in paediatric neurology, quality of life research, ethics and rehabilitation and issues that surround these topics.

She was a member of the Zimbabwe National Burden of Disease Steering Committee 1996-99.  She is a technical adviser for the Medical Research Council of South Africa Burden of Disease Unit and currently reviews submissions for the  “Disability and Rehabilitation Journal.”, “Population Health Metrics” and  “The Bulletin of the World Health Organisation”. She is an Editorial Assistant for the “South African Journal of Physiotherapy”. She has given presentations at 22 international, national, and university conferences in the last five years, including most recently at the Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS in Africa conference in 2004.

She continues to research topics concerning health care, disabilities, and physiotherapy.  She is the South African Principal Investigator on a joint project with Norwegian Institutions to investigate the levels of living of people with disabilities, funded by the National Research Foundations of South Africa and Norway. She is also the South African NIH Grant holder for a collaborative project with the University of North Carolina and the University of Kinshasa monitoring the development of children with HIV/AIDS.

She has authored over 25 peer-reviewed articles and book chapters.  The most recent publications are:

Hughes, J, Jelsma J, McLean E, Darder M, Xolise, T: Health related quality of life of persons living with HIV.  Disability and Rehabiliation. In print.

Jelsma J,  Amosun D, Mkoka S, Niewveld J. The reliability and validity of the Xhosa version of the EQ-5D. Disability and Rehabilitation. Jan;26(2):103-8.  2004.

Jelsma J:Some thoughts on practising physiotherapy in a multi-cultural country. South African Journal of Physiotherapy.  60(1):4-6. 2004.

Jelsma J, Hansen K, De Weerdt W, De Cock P, Kind P: How do Zimbabweans value health states?  Population Health Metrics 2003, 1:11 http://www.pophealthmetrics.com/content/1/1/11

Jelsma J, Ferguson G. The determinants of health related quality of live in a diverse community in Cape Town. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 82:206-212. 2004.

Jelsma J, MacLean E, Hughes, J, Tinise X, Darder M:An investigation into the Health Related Quality of Life of individuals living with HIV who are receiving Highly Active Anti-retroviral Therapy (HAART). Submitted to the AIDS Care.

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Kalonga, Ben

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Kanyama, Cecilia

Recent journal publications and abstracts include:

Kanyama C., Molyneux E., Mhango T. Childhood poisoning at the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre,Malawi. East African Medical Journal  Vol 78 No 6 June 2001.

Hosseinipour MC, Neuhann F, Kanyama C, Namarika D, Phiri S.  Mortality is the leading cause of loss to follow-up among Antiretroviral Patients in Malawi.  2004 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, San Francisco USA, Abstract 594.

Hosseinipour MC,  Kanyama C, Abernethy M, Neuhann F, Nyirenda J, and Phiri S.  Experience with treatment of Kaposi’s Sarcoma Patients in Lilongwe Malawi.  2004 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, San Francisco USA, Abstract 782.

Nyanyiwe M, Kanyama C, Chabwera C, Chauwa C, Nkhalamba C, Kandikole L, Jumbe A, Hoffman I, Martinson F, Hosseinipour M. Experiences with couples attending voluntary counseling and testing in Lilongwe, Malawi. 2004 XV World AIDS Conference.

Hosseinipour M, Kanyama C, Nkhalamba A, Phiri S, Weigel R, Funsani C, Potani C, Namakwa D, Lugalia L, Van der Host C, Hoffman I, Neuhann F. Safety and efficacy of D4T/3TC/NVP among HIV/AIDS positive adults in Lilongwe, Malawi. 2004 XV World AIDS Conference.

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Kapanda, Lester

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Kayange, Noel

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Kopnisky, Kathy

Kathy earned her Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Florida’s College of Medicine. Her basic research projects during graduate training were focused on understanding the mechanisms of interactions between angiotensin II, nitric oxide and cytokines in brain cells during conditions of inflammation. Her post-doctoral research in the Neurology department of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine concentrated on identifying primary and secondary cellular and molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 neuropathogenesis. Finally, her research at the NIH/NIMH addressed mechanisms of lithium’s actions on neuronal and other brain cell types.

Currently, Dr. Kopnisky works at the National Institute of Mental Health and supports scientific programs in the area of neuroAIDS research. The broad goals of this program are to discover the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which HIV-1 infection promotes neurological and behavioral impairment. More specifically, the program addresses neuropathogenic mechanisms that are secondary to the viral infiltration and infection of the brain. The specific areas of research in this program include: (1) The role of neurotoxic mediators released by host (cytokines, chemokines, excitotoxins) and virus (gp120, Tat, Vpr, Nef) in CNS dysfunction; (2) The identification and characterization of HIV-1 associated signal transduction pathways underlying neurobehavioral and neurological dysfunction; (3) The mechanisms of HIV-1 induced neuronal dysfunction; and (4) HIV-1 induced dysregulation of CNS neurochemical pathways. An additional priority area includes the development of treatments which are targeted specifically to the secondary mechanisms by which HIV-1 promotes neuropathogenesis. This program strongly supports multidisciplinary research between neuroscience, immunology, virology and biochemistry.

Selected recent publications include:

K. L. Kopnisky, D.M. Stoff and D.M. Rausch (2004). Workshop report: The effects of psychological variables on the progression of HIV-1 disease. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity (18) 246-261.

K. L. Kopnisky, E. Chalecka-Franaszek, M. Gonzalez-Zulueta and D.-M. Chuang (2003). Chronic lithium treatment antagonizes glutamate-induced decrease of phosphorylated CREB in brain neurons via inhibition of PP1 and stimulation of MEK pathways Neuroscience 116:425-435.

Cowan, W.M., Kopnisky, K.L. and Hyman, S.E. (2002). The human genome project and its impact on psychiatry. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 25: 1-50.

K. L. Kopnisky and C. Sumners (2000). Angiotensin II-induced decrease in expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rat astroglial cultures: Role of protein kinase C. J. Neurochem , 74:613-620.

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Kumwenda, Johnstone

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Lalloo, Umesh

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Marcus, Cheryl

I am a nurse researcher who has been involved in HIV/AIDS clinical trials since 1994. In that time, I have worked as a study coordinator, nursing supervisor, nurse manager and am now the Clinical Research Director for the UNC AIDS Clinical Research Unit. I am a current member of the AACTG HIV Research Agenda Committee, a current member and former chair of the Patient Care Committee, former chair of the Patient Education Subcommittee and have served on multiple other committees, subcommittees and working groups. I have participated in protocol development and implementation as a field representative on several protocols, including A5199, and as an investigator. While my interests include adherence, HIV in women, and general treatment issues, my greatest strength is in the operational arena, working collaboratively to develop and implement training programs and acting as a liaison and resource to three IAACTUs.

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Marra, Christina

Professor, Department of Neurology
Adjunct Professor, Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases)

University of Washington
Harborview Medical Center
Box 359775, 325 9th Avenue
Seattle, Washington 98104-2499 USA
cmarra@u.washington.edu
http://depts.washington.edu/neurolog/faculty/marra_christina.html

The focus of my research is on clinically relevant problems that relate to infections of the nervous system.   

My laboratory-based work concentrates on syphilis and neurosyphilis.  We have two ongoing studies.  The first study seeks to identify factors that predict neurosyphilis, distinguish cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities due to syphilis from those due to HIV, and predict response to treatment of neurosyphilis.  The second study tests the hypotheses that Treponema pallidum (the bacterium that causes syphilis) isolates contain populations of organisms with enhanced ability to invade the central nervous system and that the capacity for neuroinvasion is conferred by expression of specific surface proteins. 

 I also participate in several clinical research projects that relate to the effects of HIV-1 on the central nervous system.  I collaborate with investigators at the University of Hawaii to examine the role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in clearing HIV-1 from the CSF.  We are particularly interested in the association between CSF CTLs and longitudinal performance on neuropsychological tests.  I head a study to optimize two functional neuroimaging techniques and to use them to determine changes in brain activation in response to potent antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected individuals.  I am the Chair of the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (AACTG) Protocol 736, "Neurology and cerebrospinal fluid substudy for trials of potent antiretroviral therapy.”  I am the Site Neurologist for the UW AIDS Clinical Trials Unit.  I am a member of the Steering Committee of the Neuro-AIDS Research Consortium and participate in the development and conduct of clinical trials sponsored by this national group.   

Recent publications include the following:

 1.     Marra CM, Lockhart D, Zunt JR, Perrin M, Coombs RW, Collier AC. Changes in CSF and plasma HIV-1 RNA and cognition after starting potent antiretroviral therapy. Neurology 2003;60(8):1388-1390.

2.     Marra CM, Maxwell CL, Smith SL, Lukehart SA, Rompalo AM, Eaton M, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities in patients with syphilis:  association with clinical and laboratory features. J Infect Dis 2004;189:369-76.

3.     Marra CM, Maxwell CL, Tantalo L, Eaton M, Rompalo A, Raines C, et al. Normalization of CSF abnormalities after neurosyphilis therapy: does HIV status matter? Clin Infect Dis 2004;38:1001-6.

4.     Marra CM, Tantalo LC, Maxwell CL, Dougherty K, Wood B.  Alternative cerebrospinal fluid tests to diagnose neurosyphilis in HIV-infected individuals.  Neurology 2004 (in press).

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Mdezo, Thandi

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Mfutso-Bengo, Joseph

Mielke, Jens

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Nakasujja, Noeline

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Nkhalamba, Thokozani

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Nyasulu, Peter

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Nyirenda, Mulinda

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Price, Richard

Dr. Richard Price received his M.D. degree from Albany Medical College in Albany, New York in 1967. He completed his internship and residency in Medicine at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts and served as a neurology resident at Cornell University Medical College in New York, New York. Dr. Price’s professional experience includes research positions with the National Institute of Dental Research, Laboratory of Oral Medicine and the Sloan-Kettering Institute, Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology and Cancer Center. He also has extensive teaching experience, including 14 years at Cornell University Medical College and 6 years at the University of Minnesota where he served as Head of the Department of Neurology. Dr. Price is currently Chief of Neurology Services at San Francisco General Hospital and Professor and Vice-Chair of Neurology at the University of California San Francisco.

Dr. Price acts as Principal Investigator for several ongoing research projects, including the CSF Molecular Marker Study Consortium, as well as studies of the treatment and pathogenesis of cerebrospinal fluid HIV infection and CSF and lymphocyte dynamics after antiviral therapy. He also serves as Vice-Chair of AACTG protocol A5199, a 240-week, prospective, international, multicenter study linked to the A5175 study to determine the prevalence of primary HIV neurological disease and HIV–related neurological opportunistic infections in subjects with advanced disease in resource-limited countries, and the extent of the improvement in the neurocognitive functioning with antiretroviral treatment in those subjects.

Among Dr. Price’s 178 journal articles and reviews are:

Price RW, Deeks SJ: Antiretroviral Drug Treatment Interruption in HIV Infected Adults: Clinical and Pathogenetic Implications for the Central Nervous System, J Neurovirology 10 (suppl 1): 44-51, 2004.

Valle M, Price RW, Nilsson A, Heyes M, Verotta D, Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) quinolinic acid levels are determined by local HIV infection: cross-sectional analysis and modeling of dynamics following antiretroviral therapy, Brain, 2004, 127, 1047-1060.

Price RW: Chapter 52: Neurological Disease. In: Dolin R, Masur H, Saag M, eds. AIDS Therapy, 2nd Edition. Philadelphia: Churchill-Livingston, 2003; 737-757.

Price RW: Editorial Comment: Diagnosis of Focal Brain Lesions: Old Lessons Retaught. The AIDS Reader 2003:553.

Navia BA, Price RW: Introduction to Clinical and Biologic Features of the AIDS Dementia Complex, Chapter 17. In: Gendelman HE, Lipton SA, Epstein L, Swindells S, eds. The Neurology of AIDS, 2nd ed. International Thomson Publishing, (in press).

Kao A, Price RW: Chemokine Receptors, Neural Progenitor Cells and the AIDS Dementia Complex. Editorial Commentary. J Infect Dis, (in press).

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Robertson, Kevin

Dr. Kevin Robertson, Ph.D. is a neuropsychologist who has been working in neuroAIDS since 1988. He completed his clinical internship and postdoctoral fellowship at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he joined the Neurology faculty.  He is currently Professor and Director of Neuropsychology, in Neurology.  Drs. Robertson and Hall currently collaborate on longitudinal NIH projects looking at HAART and neurocognitive functioning, and neuroimaging in HIV.  Since 1988, Dr. Robertson has been a member of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group and served on the Complications of HIV Research Agenda Committee, and continues to serve on the Outcomes, Neurology scientific subcommittees, International focus groups.  He is vice chair and neuropsychologist on ACTG 736 (the CSF superstudy), and co-chair of ACTG 5194 the protocol in development to look at what happens to neurocognitive functioning when patients stop HAART early in HIV, neuropsychologist on ACTG 362 and consulting neuropsychologist on A5001.  Dr. Robertson is co-chair of NIMH/ACTG 5199, the International Neurological Study, which is in 12 sites with high prevalence of HIV including Malawi, South Africa, Zimbabwe, India, Thailand, Haiti, Brazil and Peru.

 Most recent publications include:

Robertson K.R., Robertson W.T., Ford S., Watson D., Fiscus S., Harp A. G. and Hall, C.D.   Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Improves Neurocognitive Functioning. JAIDS, 36(1):562-566, 2004.

Robertson K.R., Kapoor C, Robertson WT, Fiscus S, Ford S and Hall CD No Gender Differences in the Progression of Nervous System disease of HIV infection. In press, JAIDS.

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Sanne, Ian

Dr. Ian Sanne received his training at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa, where he graduated with an MBBCh in 1990, an FCP(SA) in 1997, and a Diploma of Tropical Medicine and Health in 1999. His first professional position was as Consultant Physician and Head of the Infectious Diseases Clinic at Johannesburg Hospital. Dr. Sanne has since returned to work and teach at his alma mater, University of the Witwatersrand, serving initially as Director of the Clinical Trials Unit in the Department of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases and currently as Senior Research Officer and Director of the Clinical HIV Research Unit. He has attained appointments as Lecturer in the Department of Medicine for medical students in the 3rd-6th years and for the Diploma of Tropical Medicine and Health program.

Dr. Sanne has served on numerous University of the Witwatersrand advisory boards, such as the Dean’s Advisory Panel on HIV/AIDS and the Faculty Board on Research and Ethics, as well as acting as Director of the HIV Management Diploma Course, for which he is also a Lecturer. Some of his activities outside of the University involve membership on the Bristol Myers Squib Global Advisory Board on retroviral products since 2001 and an appointment as Lecturer with the South African Medical Association for their Continued Professional Development Foundation HIV Management course. Participation in ongoing research projects includes a randomized clinical trial assessing continuous HAART versus interrupted HAART in a resource poor clinic and a study entitled “Safegaurd the Household.”

Selected publications include:

W.D.F. Venter, I.M. Sanne 'The Cardiovascular Consequences of HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy'. Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 15, No. 5, September/October 2003.

Sanne I, Schnittman S. “Atazanavir : Safety and Antiretroviral Efficacy in Combination with Didanosine and Stavudine inf Treatment-naïve subjects at 48 weeks (Trial Ai424-007)” JAIDS 2003 Jan 1 ; 32 (1) : 18 – 29.

Sanne I, Francois WD, Venter WF. “New Horizons in the treatment of HIV Infection” The Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine. July 2002: 44 – 48.

Sanne I, Smego RA Jr, Mendelow BV. “A systematic review of combination antiretroviral therapy with didanosine plus hydroxyurea: a partial solution to Africa’s HIV/AIDS problem?” Int J Infect Dis. 2001; 5(1): 43-48.

Sanne, I.M., Gray, C.M., Montaner, L.J. 2001. Therapy Developments in Southern Africa. Immune response and structured treatment interruptions in HIV-1-infected individuals treated with antiviral therapy. Southern African J. of HIV Med. 3:41-45.

A Dalakis, I Sanne, R Smego, “Cryptococcal meningitis – treatment” CME Journal 2000; 18(4): 315-320.

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Scarborough, Matt

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Taylor, Terrie

Dr. Terrie Taylor received her D.O. degree from the Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine in 1981.  She interned at Riverside Osteopathic Hospital in Trenton, Michigan and completed her residency at Detroit Osteopathic Hospital in Detroit, Michigan.  In 1986, she received a degree in Tropical Medicine from the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine in England.  Dr. Taylor has been teaching at Michigan State University’s College of Osteopathic Medicine since 1986, initially in the Department of Community Health and currently in the Department of Internal Medicine.  She has been a member of numerous committees concerning Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases since 1989, and is presently working with the Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research Committee of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. 

Dr. Taylor’s ongoing research includes a study of Clinicopathological Correlates of Cerebral Malaria, for which she serves as Principal Investigator. The major goal of this project is to use the information revealed by autopsies to decrease the mortality rate of pediatric cerebral malaria. Based on results from the first phase of this study, the purpose is to establish the associations between clinical presentation, disease pathogenesis, and pathological findings in children dying of cerebral malaria and controls. She also acts as Principal Investigator for two other projects, a study of Severe Malaria in African Children, of which the primary goals are to develop a multi-center clinical trials network for severe pediatric malaria and to conduct three clinical trials, and a project aiming to develop academic expertise in epidemiology and pathology within the medical school faculty of the University of Malawi College of Medicine.

Recent publications include:

Beare N A V,  Southern C, Kayira K, Taylor TE, Harding SP.  Visual outcomes in children in Malawi following retinopathy of severe malaria.  Br. J Ophthalmol 2004; 88: 321-324.

Taylor T, Fu W, Carr R, Whitten R, Mueller J, Fosiko N. Lewallen S, Liomba N. George, Molyneux M.  Differentiating the pathologies of cerebral malaria by postmortem parasite counts.  Nature Medicine, Feb. 2004, Volume 10, Number 2, pp 143-145.

Medana I, Day N, Salahifar-Sabet H, Stocker R, Smythe G, Bwanaisa L, Njobvu A, Kayira K, Turner G, Taylor T, Hunt N.  Metabolites of the Kynurenine Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Malawian Children with Malaria.  JID 2003:188 (15 September).

Kublin JG, Cortese JF, Njunju EM, Mukadam RA, Wirima JJ, Kazembe PN, Djimde AA, Kouriba B, Taylor TE, Plowe CV.  Reemergence of chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum malaria after cessation of chloroquine use in Malawi.  J Infect Dis. 2003 Jun 15; 187(12):1870-5.

Ackerman H, Usen S, Mott R, Richardson A, Sisay-Joof F, Katundu P, Taylor TE, Ward R, Molyneux ME, Pinder M, Kwiatkowski D.  Haplotypic analysis of the TNF locus by association efficiency and entropy.  Genome Biology 2003, 4:R24 Published March 17, 2003.

Taylor TE, Molyneux ME.  “Clinical features of malaria in children.”  In:  Essential Malariology.  Eds. Warrell DA, Gilles HM.  4th ed.  .  London:  Arnold, 2002;8:206-218.

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Tembo, Tchangani

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van Oosterhout, Joop

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Wekulo, Patricia

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